Gloss

&gloss1=scribe&gloss2=A person whose profession is writing. Scribes were literate, which means they knew how to read and write. Most people at this time in history were not literate because they were unable to go to school.&gloss3=chamber&gloss4=A room.&gloss5=pharaoh&gloss6=The title used for kings in ancient Egypt.&gloss7=gum&gloss8=A substance from plants that can be used like glue.&gloss9=hieroglyph&gloss10=A picture sign; from the Greek term meaning "sacred carvings."&gloss11=deceased&gloss12=Someone who has died.&gloss13=inscribed&gloss14=Written, printed, marked, or engraved words or characters.&gloss15=inscriptions&gloss16=Words or signs that are carved, impressed, painted, or written on stone, brick, metal, or other surface.&gloss17=hymns&gloss18=Songs or poems in praise or honor of something.&gloss19=embalming&gloss20=Treating a dead body with preservatives to keep it from decaying and to help it look lifelike.&gloss21=crook&gloss22=A long stick with a curved end used by a shepherd to catch or guide a sheep.&gloss23=flail&gloss24=A tool with a wooden handle attached to a free-swinging wooden or metal bar. It is used to separate the seeds of a harvested plant from the straw.&gloss25=scroll&gloss26=A roll of paper, papyrus, or other material, that has writing on it.&gloss27=pedestal&gloss28=A supporting structure or base for something.&gloss29=papyrus&gloss29encyclo=true&gloss30=Papyrus is a grasslike plant that has woody, triangular stems and grows up to 15 feet (about 4.6 m) high in quietly flowing water up to 3 feet (90 cm) deep. The ancient Egyptians used the stem of the papyrus plant to make sails, cloth, mats, cords, and, above all, paper. Paper made from papyrus was the chief writing material in ancient Egypt, was adopted by the Greeks, and was used extensively in the Roman Empire. It was used not only for the production of books (in roll or scroll form) but also for correspondence and legal documents.&gloss31=hieratic script&gloss32=A cursive form of hieroglyphic writing. Hieratic comes from the Greek word hieratikos meaning "priestly."&gloss33=demotic script&gloss34=A highly cursive form of hieroglyphic writing that replaced hieratic as the script for everyday use in Egypt. Demotic comes from the Greek word demotikos meaning "popular."&gloss35=Horus&gloss35encyclo=true&gloss36=In ancient Egyptian religion, Horus was a god of the sky. He is probably most well-known as the protector of the ruler of Egypt. The Egyptians believed that the pharaoh was the 'living Horus'. The ancient Egyptians had many different beliefs about the god Horus. One of the most common beliefs was that Horus was the son of Isis and Osiris.&gloss37=Osiris&gloss37encyclo=true&gloss38=In ancient Egyptian religion, Osiris is the god of the dead and ruler of the Underworld. He appears as a mummified man wearing a white cone-like headdress with feathers. Osiris is also a god of resurrection and fertility. The ancient Egyptians believed that Osiris gave them the gift of barley, one of their most important crops. Osiris is the husband of Isis. According to myth, Osiris was slain by his brother Seth, who tore him into 14 pieces and flung the pieces all over Egypt. Isis put Osiris back together again.&gloss39=Anubis&gloss39encyclo=true&gloss40=Anubis, a son of Osiris, is the god of embalming. Because jackals (wild dogs) were often seen in cemeteries, the ancient Egyptians believed that Anubis watched over the dead. Anubis was the god who helped embalm Osiris after he was killed by Seth. Thus, Anubis was the god who watched over the process of mummifying people when they died.&gloss41=Thoth&gloss41encyclo=true&gloss42=Thoth was the god of of wisdom, time, writing, and the moon. The ancient Egyptians believed that Thoth gave them the gift of hieroglyphic writing.&gloss43=Ma'at&gloss43encyclo=true&gloss44=In ancient Egyptian religion, Ma'at was the goddess of truth, justice, and harmony. She was associated with the balance of things on earth. Ma'at was the daughter of the sun god Ra. Pharaohs are frequently shown in wall reliefs making an offering of Ma'at to the gods-showing that they are preserving harmony and justice on earth.&gloss45=Ammut&gloss45encyclo=true&gloss46=In ancient Egyptian religion, Ammut is the destroyer of the souls of evil people. In the weighing of the heart ritual, the heart of the dead person is weighed against "the feather of truth," a symbol of Ma'at. If the heart weighs less than the feather, then the spirit is free to go on to meet Osiris in the Afterlife. If the heart is heavy with sin, it is thrown to Ammut. He gobbles it up, denying the spirit an Afterlife and causing it to cease to exist.&VarsGloss=1&

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